Microevolution Free Essay Example, 750 words

ï » ¿Microevolution Laguna de Manialtepec, is located in southern Mexico, is a melting point for marine species. Temperatures in the islands rise high in the day and drop below optimum levels in the night. In 2015, the area had excessive food for both animal and human consumption. The area was once full of life and provided habitat for numerous organisms. The land iguana is a unique animal found in the surrounding area of Laguna de Manialtepec (Curry&Chang, 12). Land iguanas are herbivorous creatures that complement their diets by eating insects and centipedes. Iguanas rely on cactus fruits and pads as the primary source of food for their survival. Iguanas mature at the age of 8 to 15 years and have adapted to living in dry areas. They eat other fruits and insects and increased cellular activities in the lower abdomen of the animal. In addition to there is assimilated cellulose in the lower part of the intestine. Presence of assimilated cellulose in the lower abdomen of the land ig uanas is crucial. It indicates that the iguana depends on the cellulolytic micro flora in the digestive system of the animal. We will write a custom essay sample on Microevolution or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now There is a trend of iguanas with the growth of the normal iguanas in the Laguna de Manialtepec. Over the years, the growth of iguanas increased significantly in the region resulting in the slightly different creature in the habitat. The example shows the theory of Natural selection takes place in an ordinary environment. Natural selection is a progression whereby organisms adapt to the prevailing conditions of a certain environment (Darwin&Quammen, 12). The organisms that survive  in these  change the population of the rest of the species. Change in population results is a result of the change in the iguanas. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution explains the process of evolution in the land iguanas (Curry&Chang, 12). The iguanas are better adapted to the current conditions of 2315. Change in features of the land iguana ensures that they have favorable characteristics to survive in 2315. Competition in the wild is the ultimate solution to surviva l. According to Darwin's theory, natural selection transforms the genetic traits in species (Freedman, 6). In this case, there is an evolution of genetic traits of the land iguana that are vital for the survival. Competition in the wild is the ultimate solution to survival. Animals with unique features survive while those with unwanted features die. Iguanas that could not survive the evolution process had no option but to die. Iguanas had to attach themselves to their parents to protection until they were mature. They adapted to feeding cacti and flowers in the wild. Competition among organisms in the same environment eliminates the weaker generation from the society. Darwin noted that the tortoises in Galapagos Island were distinctive in their particular manner (Freedman, 24). They were very distinct, and individuals could quickly tell the island of origin. There is a close relationship between the land iguanas and the finches. That sets in another theory whose postulation supp orts why land iguanas are dominant in Laguna de Manialtepec, South Mexico (Darwin&Quammen, 12). The choice of food eaten by organisms and the time food takes to reach the gastrointestinal tract of the iguanas is vital in the evolution of the animal. Natural foods are broken down for energy, nitrogen, calcium among other crucial minerals. The system of the iguana's processes high-quality foods. According to Darwin, not all organisms have equal chances in the fight for survival (Darwin&Quammen, 23). The plants that have adapted to the environment are healthy and have a better chance of surviving. The fittest animals survive harsh conditions. Land iguanas reproduce to their full potential and adapt to the conditions of Laguna de Manialtepec. Gene flow is generally the transfer of genes from one population to another (Freedman, 29). The original ancestors of the land iguanas had the adaptation that helped them survive. Their migration had two effects on the population of land iguanas and the host community. Breeding managed to decrease variation in most of the organisms in Laguna de Manialtepec (Gibson&Gibson, 18). Natural selection is a means that explains the theory of modification as theory works. The theory of Charles Darwin is a landmark in the process of evolution. The theory relies on the belief that there is the formation of new and better species from the existing ones. The theory argues that t a dominant allele that influences a trait in an organism development. The influence is on the genetic trait of the organism and affects the growth and development of the organism. In conclusion, genes pass through the generation of animal and plants by reproduction. Successful genetic variations are an advantage when the land iguanas have a high frequency. Diversification of land iguanas limits the potential for future generation. The dominant trait of animals helps them easily survive the evolution. Darwin demonstrated natural selection using the artificial selection of domestic plants and animals (Curry&Chang, 12). Natural selection shapes the behavior of many animals and individuals. In addition to, natural selection selects numerous species in a population. There is evidence that proves the existence of the theories of Darwin. Works Cited Curry, Jennifer, and In-Young Chang. Evolution. Bronx, NY: H.W. Wilson, 2006. Print. Darwin, Charles, and David Quammen. On The Origin Of Species. New York: Sterling, 2008. Print. Freedman, Dave. Natural Selection. New York: Hyperion, 2006. Print. Gibson, J. Phil, and Terri R Gibson. Natural Selection. New York: Chelsea House, 2009. Print

Sexual Harassment - 781 Words

Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment in the workplace is a very big problem today. It is a problem that hasnt really drawn much attention until now. More and more sexual harassment cases have been brought up today than ever before. We here about a harassment case in the papers almost everyday. Sexual harassment has even drawn attention to movies. One movie that has drawn its most recent attention to sexual harassment is Disclosure. In the movie Disclosure, sexual harassment draws its attention to the workplace. The workplace is a very common area for harassment to occur. In some cases we might not know that it is even taking place. What is sexual harassment? The dictionary definition of sexual is relating to, having or†¦show more content†¦In business 40 percent women and 15 percent men said they had been harassed. On college campuses 70 percent of females said that they have been harassed. Sexual harassment is an extremely big problem that should be taken very seriously. The only way something can be done is if more people come out to do something. If you are being harassed tell somebody about it as soon as possible. The longer a person waits the less chance they have of something being done about it. If you feel threatened by someone confront that person about it. If you feel that the situation is harassment but your not sure, talk to someone to gain the proper information you need. Dont become the victim of such shamefulShow MoreRelatedGender Harassment And Sexual Harassment Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesBennett-Alexander Hartman (2015) mentions that sexual harassment is based on gender and does not â€Å"Involve sex, requests for sexual activity, comments, or anything similar† (Bennett-Alexander Hartman, 2015, p. 423). The non-sex requirement is the reason that the term gender in sexual harassment is discussed meaning whether if the individual is male or female that is filing a sexual harassment claim. Although, Title VII of the Civil Rights of 1964 mentions that individuals should not be discriminatedRead MoreSexual Harassment And Gender Harassment1731 Words   |  7 Pageswork has been done around the area of Sexual Harassment, as the primary systematic attempt to outline theoretical space of Sexual Harassment and build up a complete classification system had started in the year 1980 (Fitzgerald et al. 2010). Sexual Harassment is defined as the unprompted male conduct that asserts a women’s sex role over her function as employee or intimidation of a sexual nature or the inappropriate promises of rewards in return for sexual favors (Fitzgerald 1990). In most ofRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace990 Words   |  4 Pagesyou are friends with your coworkers. But what happens when coworkers talk about other coworkers in a sexual context. Two male coworkers talking about female staff where coworkers in the area can hear. Your manager suggests that they can help you earn a promotion if you go out with them. This puts employees in awkward situations where they might not know if this is considered sexual harassment. If it is, an employee maybe unsure what to do about it. According to the U.S. Equal Employment OpportunityRead MoreSexual Harassment Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesSexual harassment is so ordinary in the workforce that frequently we fail to even recognize harassing behavior as immoral. This is because so many of us--women and men alike--have become desensitized to offensive behaviors. Sexual harassment in any form is unacceptable behavior and should not be tolerated by anyone. It undermin es our ability to study, to work, and to feel like effective, empowered people in the world. The U.S Equal Employment Opportunity Commission describes sexual harassment asRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1253 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Harassment in the Workplace What cause sexual harassment in the workplace? Sexual harassment is defined as discrimination towards sex. It is unwanted verbal and/or physical contact between two human beings, however, in this case I would like to focus on the workplace (co-worker or supervisor). Based on Civil Rights Act of 1991, there has been an increased amount of incentives for employer’s prohibition conducts of sexual harassment. How people perceive and evaluate sexual harassmentRead MoreThe State Of Sexual Harassment858 Words   |  4 PagesCates, S., Machin, L. (2012). The State of Sexual Harassment in America: What is the Status of Sexual Harassment in the US Workplace Today? Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1), 133-138. Unwanted sexual advances are inappropriate whether or not an individual is at work. This article speaks to the minds of people who have been sexually harassed at work in the 2000s. When written, the article explained that in the last two years sexual harassment in the workplace had actually increased. ItRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1359 Words   |  6 Pagesfor any company to legally define what constitutes sexual harassment in the workplace, but there are many ways to define sexual harassment. Everyone has different views and tolerance levels towards sexual harassment. When a case of sexual harassment occurs in a workplace, however, it comes down to how the courts define sexual harassment. The Supreme Court defines sexual harassment to be unlawful in two ways. â€Å"The first type involves sexual harassment that results in a tangible employment action;† thisRead MoreSexual Harassment in India2412 Words   |  10 PagesSexual harassment in India is termed Eve teasing and is described as: unwelcome sexual gesture or behaviour whether directly or indirectly as sexually coloured remarks; physical contact and advances; showing pornography; a demand or request for sexual favours; any other unwelcome physical, verbal/non-verbal conduct being sexual in nature. The critical factor is the unwelcomeness of the behaviour, thereby making the impact of such actions on the recipient more relevant rather than intent of theRead MoreStudent Sexual Misconduct And Sexual Harassment1750 Words   |  7 PagesTeacher-student sexual misconduct cases are on the rise nationwide. There has been less attention and emphasis on these issues. This paper will focus on the ethical issues and any involvements surrounding sexual misconducts and sexual harassment between teachers and students. This paper will define knowledge and an understanding on what constitutes a sexual misconduct and sexual harassment. This paper will enlighten the ethical concerns about teacher-st udent sexual misconduct and sexual harassment. This paperRead MoreSexual Harassment Paper1766 Words   |  8 PagesSexual Harassment Paper HRM320: Employment Law Prof. Mary Myers-Nelson DeVry University Online Define sexual harassment as the term is used legally. â€Å"Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that tends to create a hostile or offensive work environment.† (sexual harassment. (n.d.) West s Encyclopedia of American Law, edition 2. (2008). Sexual harassment comes in several different forms from words to touching to

Spike Lee Kevin Smith And Alfred Hitchcock free essay sample

Spike Lee, Kevin Smith And Alfred Hitchcock As Film Auteurs Essay, Research Paper In the movie industry, there are managers who simply take person else # 8217 ; s vision and express it in their ain manner on movie, so there are those who take their ain visions and utilize any agencies necessary to show their visions on movie. The latter of these two types of managers are called auteurs. Not merely do auteurs compose the books from elements that they know and love in life, but they direct, produce, and sometimes move in their movies as good. Three premier illustrations of these auteurs are: Kevin Smith, Spike Lee and Alfred Hitchcock. Kevin Smith has do the grueling trek from an unknown, highly low-budget film maker to a good known and respected film maker thanks to the aid of his vision to lodge to the rudimentss. His movies are about normal, in-between category life adding elements of wit, drugs, and the day-to-day battle of blue-collar workers. Smith was born and raised in Red Bank, New Jersey. He grew up traveling to the really same Quick-E Mart in which his first widely received movie, Clerks, took topographic point ( www.uidaho.edu ) . Smith ever uses his ain experiences as a lower-middle category male in New Jersey to roll up his books, and adds his ain wit every bit good as the wit of repeating histrions who appear in his movies. His four semi-cult hit movies are ( in order of production ) : # 8220 ; Clerks # 8221 ; , # 8220 ; Mallrats # 8221 ; , # 8220 ; Chasing Amy # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; Dogma # 8221 ; . In all four of these movies, Kevin Smith wrote the books, directed, produced and made visual aspects in the movies. Smith non merely acts in all of the movies, but besides acts the same character in all the movies. Jay and Silent Bob are two characters that make visual aspects in every one of Kevin Smith # 8217 ; s movies. These characters are based on characters that Smith made up in his amusing book entitled # 8220 ; Jay and Silent Bob. # 8221 ; Smith ever plays the function of Silent Bob and Jay is ever played by histrion Jason Mewes. Most of Smith # 8217 ; s movies trade with a few twenty-somethings seeking to get the better of the basic obstruction of avoiding ennui. While there are ever indelicate and somewhat controversial spots of conversations in his first movies, Smith approached a somewhat more controversial subject than usual in his last movie, # 8220 ; Dogma. # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Dogma # 8221 ; starred Matt Damon and Ben Affleck as two fallen angels that would make anything to acquire their wings back. Smith took this chance to do a movie in which he could eventually vent some of his choler about his faith and how deadening it is. Smith is so a spiritual individual, but he believes that the church has nil to pull the young person, nor to maintain their attending. Because of this, he created # 8220 ; Dogma # 8221 ; which mixes wit and the church to do Christianity more interesting ( www.zap2it.com ) . One such illustration is when the people of New Jersey make a new icon named # 8220 ; Buddy Christ, # 8221 ; who is a figure of Jesus Christ with his pollex up, winking and grinning at his fellow Christians. Smith has taken mundane happenings, added wit and a spot of lewdness and crafted them into books. Smith has so taken these books and directed, and produced full-length movies in which he besides acted. After the movie was to the full changeable, Smith so edited all of his movies ( with the exclusion of # 8220 ; Mallrats # 8221 ; ) . Because of all of the work that Smith single-handedly put into his independent movies that ended up pulling a immense crowd of fans, he can certainly be called an auteur. Staying on the subject of controversial movies, another manager comes to mind. This manager had an ultimate end that he desired to # 8220 ; # 8230 ; do movies that will capture the Black experience by any agencies necessary # 8221 ; ( Smith 437 ) . He stirred up much contention with the content of his movies within the movie universe, and because of this had to make his movies with small outside aid. This auteur is, of class, Spike Lee. Shelton Jackson Lee was born in 1956 as the boy of a Jazz instrumentalist and an art professor. Lee subsequently grew into the moniker Spike and because of his parent # 8217 ; s background, he became interested in the humanistic disciplines. It wasn # 8217 ; t until college that Lee decided on going a film maker. Directly after graduating from Moorehouse College, he immersed himself into carry throughing his dream # 8220 ; # 8230 ; to set the huge profusion of black civilization on movie # 8221 ; ( Smith 440 ) . His alumnus movie, entitled # 8220 ; The Bed-Stuy Barbershop: We Cut Heads. # 8221 ; paved the manner for his hereafter repute by having an academy award. Even with this first movie, Lee # 8217 ; s manner of a non-linear secret plan line took form, and his overpowering call that black civilization was respectable and interesting to a cosmopolitan audience became evident. Lee # 8217 ; s father wrote the mark to this movie, and Lee directed and produced it ( Andrew 200 ) .. He went on to take on these really same facets, every bit good as moving in his following movies. Lee # 8217 ; s following movie was # 8220 ; She # 8217 ; s Got ta Have It, # 8221 ; which dealt with the fact that black work forces were ever being stereotyped as rip offing on their girlfriends with, sometimes many, different adult females. This movie, alternatively, reversed the function and told of a adult female who had three lovers. His following movie attacked black versus white racism by stating the narrative of a school where the # 8220 ; haves # 8221 ; were the light-skinned inkinesss and the # 8220 ; have-nots # 8221 ; were the colored inkinesss. It said what Lee wanted to state, but since this was his first Hollywood movie, it lacked a batch of the glamor that the audiences were used to seeing in characteristic movies ( Lee 19-21 ) . Despite the assorted reappraisals in Hollywood, it took off surprisingly good in the box offices. Spike Lee # 8217 ; s following movie, # 8220 ; Do the Right Thing, # 8221 ; gained a batch more regard in the movie universe than # 8220 ; School Daze, # 8221 ; and was even nominated for Academy Awards in many different Fieldss. This movie, nevertheless, was about non released because people were frightened that it was so controversial that it might do mass public violences. Lee claimed that he was merely continuing his dream and the lone thing he wanted to arouse were treatments ( Smith 442 ) . Lee # 8217 ; s following movies ; # 8220 ; Mo # 8217 ; Better Blues # 8221 ; ( based on Lee # 8217 ; s male parent ) , and # 8220 ; Jungle Fever, # 8221 ; were written, directed and produced by Lee every bit good, in order to see that his wo rds were interpreted right. Lee’s dream was eventually making a crescendo when he was given the opportunity to direct a movie about one of the largest heroes in Afro-american history, Malcolm X ( Andrew 201 ) . Lee confronted the company that was traveling to patronize the devising of the Malcolm X narrative and persuaded them that they couldn # 8217 ; t allow Norman Jewison, a white adult male, portray this black adult male # 8217 ; s battle. Many consider # 8220 ; Malcolm X # 8221 ; to be a authoritative movie with the mastermind of Lee # 8217 ; s auteu-rism polishing through working in concurrency with Denzel Washington # 8217 ; s superb playing. From at that place, Lee continued to demo the battle of Black America in movies such as # 8220 ; Crooklyn # 8221 ; ( scripted by Lee # 8217 ; s sister, Joie ) , # 8220 ; Girl 6, # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Clockers, # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; 4 Little Girls # 8221 ; ( www.eFilmCritic.com ) . Although no 1 had of all time tried it before, Spike Lee decided to present America to the African-American # 8217 ; s position and civilization. He did this by himself since non many people were willing to assist. When money to back up the movies from studios was short, he went to fellow black-rights militants such as: Oprah Winfrey, Janet Jackson, Tracy Chapman and Magic Johnson. Once he had the budget, he wrote, directed, produced and acted in the movies that he made to advance the construct that # 8220 ; An all-black movie directed by a black individual can be of Universal appeal # 8221 ; ( Smith 443 ) . In the past 60 to seventy old ages, many things have changed in the movie industry, such as constructs of that which is controversial in movie. One thing has remained the same, nevertheless, a individual who exudes exclusive creativeness in bring forthing a movie is entitled an auteur. Just as Lee and Smith used any agencies necessary to make movies which fulfilled their visions, the same can certainly be said for the mastermind film maker, Alfred Hitchcock. While Spike Lee and Kevin Smith began single-handedly making their ain movies because of fiscal grounds, Alfred Hitchcock controls all facets of his movies so # 8220 ; the unity of his work is non jeopardized # 8230 ; # 8221 ; ( Truffaut 14 ) . Alfred Hitchcock is really serious about his movies. # 8220 ; Throughout his full calling he has felt the demand to protect himself from the histrions, manufacturers, and technicians who # 8230 ; [ might countervail the significance of ] # 8230 ; his plants. He hence had # 8220 ; # 8230 ; to go the manager nor histrion will oppugn, to go one # 8217 ; s ain manufacturer, and to cognize more about technique than the technicians # 8221 ; ( Truffaut 14 ) . It is because of his mentality on this that his movies are so concrete and appear flawless. Although many of his movies were simply based on dramas and less based on his life experiences, Hitchcock twists the secret plans around and uses his repute of # 8220 ; The adult male with the maestro head # 8221 ; to direct his movies with sheer luster. The literary plants that Hitchcock adapts into his movies are normally light and unpopular. Hitchcock refused to do screen versions of literary plants that held importance such as # 8220 ; Crime and Punishment # 8221 ; because he said # 8220 ; # 8217 ; Crime and Punishment # 8217 ; is person else # 8217 ; s accomplishment. There # 8217 ; s been a batch of talk about the manner in which Hollywood managers distort literary chef-doeuvres. I # 8217 ; ll have no portion in that! # 8221 ; ( Truffaut 71 ) . With the books that he really creates, Hitchcock delves into a great resource of his fright of everything to cognize what would keep people in suspense. Hitchcock grew up a lone wolf with an incredible fright of constabulary a nd force. He knew what childhood frights were composed of and used this cognition to make his movies ( Truffaut 30 ) . Hitchcock was one of the best-known managers for adding particular effects to do a soundless movie more realistic. He would utilize film-staining techniques, ordinary family points were used to do a shooting more affecting, and many other techniques neer thought of before in old movies. One such illustration is when he placed a piece of glass in forepart of an actress # 8217 ; face in order to hold her hair spread out on the glass, so she appeared more scared. Another technique that Hitchcock used to maintain audiences amused, is to put himself in a scene in every movie. It was foremost done because he did non hold plenty supernumeraries to make full the screen, but subsequently carried on as a tradition that Hitchcock fans come to anticipate. Hitchcock mastered the filmic linguistic communication. He knew how to utilize a great figure of tools in order to do his movies reach near-perfection. He knew how to falsify clip, images and emotions on the screen by pattern and by using his natural endowments. He trusted cipher besides himself in the procedure of filmmaking and therefore his movies contained fluidness and true suspense. Hitchcock adapted his movies into a book, directed, produced, appeared in and worked out the technicalitites of his movies. All of these aforesaid elements adds up in an equation that equals a mastermind auteur. There aren # 8217 ; t many film makers that can see themselves true auteurs. To be an auteur, the film maker must hold an ultimate end to show something they care about on movie. They must non merely show this in their book, but carry through on it by directing, bring forthing and drawing together many other facets of the movie by themselves. Three film makers that fit this description to a # 8220 ; t # 8221 ; are Kevin Smith, Spike Lee and Alfred Hitchcock. These three work forces all went out with the same end: To show their positions of life in extraordinary movies. They all went above and beyond their call of responsibility and are now ranked among the top film makers of history, the rank of movie auteurs. Andrew, Geoff. Stranger than Paradise. Limelight: New York, NY. 1987. Lee, Spike and Lisa Jones. Elate the Race: the Construction of School Daze. Fireside: New York, NY. 1988. Smith, Jessie Carney. Black Heroes of the Twentieth Century. Visible Ink. : Detroit, MI. 1998. Truffaut, Francois. HItchcock. Simon and Scheuster: New York, NY. 1983 www.eFilmCritic.com. HBS Entertainment. 1998-2000. www.uidaho.edu/~purc3906/kevbio.htm. University of Idaho. Last updated November 2, 2000. www.zap2it.com/TVPeopleprofiles. Tribune Media Services. 2000.

Personnel Selection In Athletic Programs Essays - Applied Psychology

Personnel Selection In Athletic Programs Personnel Selection in Athletic Programs ABSTRACT Whether it be at a collegiate or professional level, organizations have been faced with public pressure to be successful. The selection of appropriate personnel is one means for doing this. Although coaches are experts in identifying the physical characteristics needed for success in their field; they lack the skills necessary to asses the psychological factors that have been proven to have a significant impact on athletic performance. The identification, quantification and implementation of these psychological attributes in selection decisions can therefore have a significant impact on a program's success. This paper reviews the factors that have been associated with athletic success, measures of these factors, and use of these factors in making selection decisions. Introduction Over the course of the past twenty years an increasing amount of attention has been devoted to the field of athletics. Whether it be at a collegiate or professional level, organizations have been faced with public pressure to be successful. As a result, athletic directors and general managers have been faced with the question of how to improve their teams' success. One obvious way of doing this is to select qualified personnel for the tasks at hand. The method by which athletes are selected for a team can have a significant impact on that team's success. In the past, decisions have been made based largely on judgments of an individual's physical characteristics with little attention given to the psychological factors that contribute to athletic success. Coaches are experts in identifying the physical characteristics needed for success in their field; however, they lack the skills necessary to asses the psychological factors that have been proven to have a significant impact on athletic performance. Coaches have relied on informal judgments of constructs such as an athlete's motivation and level of aggression to determine their potential to succeed. Everyone has heard stories of athletes that were told they lacked the physical skill to perform but due to the psychological resources of drive and determination, these individuals have overcome their physical limitations and gone on to be highly productive individuals. The identification, quantification and implementation of these psychological attributes in selection decisions can therefore have a significant impact on a program's success. This paper will review the factors that have been associated with athletic success, measures of these factors, and use of these factors in making selection decisions. For the most part, athletes can be characterized as being psychologically sound, effectively functioning people. However, some studies have shown that athletes have a tendency to be less anxious, more independent and aggressive, more extroverted, and more achievement oriented then the population in general (Peterson, Weber & Trousdale, 1967). A large proportion of the research that has been conducted in the field of sport psychology has been descriptive and is therefore well suited for the identification of the psychological skills necessary for success. Descriptive information involves comparisons of highly skilled athletes with lesser-skilled athletes for the purpose of identifying differences. This information is useful in the hypothesis generation phase of selection programs. By identifying the presence of certain characteristics that are uniquely associated with the success of certain groups, we are able to identify those factors that are most likely to be correlated with the success of future athletes. In many ways this descriptive research can be thought of as a job analysis. That is to say, the knowledge, skills, and activities that are important to the job of an athlete are identified in this way. Knowledge, Skills and Abilities Related to Success Morris (1975) attempted to identify factors that were associated with selection for the Canadian National Field Hockey team by combining a psychological approach with biographical data. The instruments used were the Athletic Motivation Inventory (AMI) and a biographical questionnaire which was constructed specifically for this study. The AMI is self administered and consists of 190 questions written with a sports frame of reference such that the respondent is asked what actions they would take or how they would feel about situations that occur in the field of sports. It purports to measure the following constructs: drive, self-confidence, aggressiveness, coachability, emotional control, conscience development, trust, responsibility, leadership and mental toughness. Validity scales are included that are used to determine faking or a pattern of random answering. Results indicated that athletes selected to the team showed a significantly higher level of aggression, were more desiring and had a greater capacity for leadership, and

The Basketball Association of America was founded Essays

The Basketball Association of America was founded Essays The Basketball Association of America was founded in 1946 by owners of the major ice hockey arenas in the HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" \o "Northeastern United States" Northeastern and Midwestern United States and Canada. On November 1, 1946, in Toronto , Canada, the Toronto Huskies hosted the New York Knickerbockers at Maple Leaf Gardens , in a game the NBA now regards as the first played in its history. [6] The first basket was made by HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossie_Schectman" \o "Ossie Schectman" Ossie Schectman of the Knickerbockers. Although there had been earlier attempts at professional basketball leagues, including the American Basketball League and the NBL, the BAA was the first league to attempt to play primarily in large arenas in major cities. During its early years, the quality of play in the BAA was not significantly be tter than in competing leagues or among leading independent clubs such as the Harlem Globetrotters . For instance, the 1948 ABL finalist Baltimore Bullets moved to the BAA and won that league's 1948 title, and the 1948 NBL champion Minneapolis Lakers won the 1949 BAA title. Prior to the 1948-49 season, however, NBL teams from Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Minneapolis, and Rochester jumped to the BAA, which established the BAA as the league of choice for collegians looking to turn professional. [7] Following the 1948-49 season, the BAA took in the remainder of the NBL: Syracuse, Anderson, Tri-Cities, Sheboygan, Denver, and Waterloo. In deference to the merger and to avoid possible legal complications, the league name was changed from the BAA to the National Basketball Association in spite of having the same BAA governing body including Podoloff . [7] The new league had seventeen franchises located in a mix of large and small cities , [8] as well as large arenas and smaller gymnasiums and armories . In 1950, the NBA consolidated to eleven franchises, a process that continued until 1953-54, when the league reached its smallest size of eight franchises: the New York Knicks , Boston Celtics , Philadelphia Warriors , Minneapolis Lakers , Rochester Royals , Fort Wayne Pistons , Tri-Cities Blackhawks , and Syracuse Nationals , all of which remain in the league today. The process of contraction saw the league's smaller-city franchises move to larger cities. The Hawks shifted from the Tri- Cities to Milwaukee in 1951, and then to St. Louis in 1955. The Rochester Royals moved from Rochester, New York , to Cincinnati in 1957 and the Pistons relocated from Fort Wayne, Indiana , to Detroit in 1957.

The Hardest SAT Reading Questions Ever

The Hardest SAT Reading Questions Ever SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're aiming for a really high SAT score, you'll need to learn how to beat the most difficult questions on every section of the test. Here, I’ll go through a few of the most difficult questions I’ve seen on the SAT Critical Reading section and how to solve them. Why exactly are they so hard? How do you tackle them? How well will you do? Challenge yourself for that top score. Question Type 1: Sentence Completion Sentence completion questions are tough because you can’t always rely on context to answer the question if you don’t know the word.The hardest sentence completion questions include difficult vocabulary in both the sentence itself and the answer choices, so you’re stuck in a Catch-22.If you can’t be sure what the sentence is asking for, you’re going to have a rough time choosing the right word or even guessing it. Here’s a single blank sentence completion question that I think is one of the hardest on the publicly available SAT practice tests: Fred often used ___________ to achieve his professional goals, even though such artful subterfuge alienated his colleagues. A. chicaneryB. diligenceC. bombastD. disputationE. consensus This question includes difficult vocabulary in both the sentence (artful, subterfuge, alienated) and the choices (almost all of them).You can understand from the sentence that the word you’re looking for is a synonym for â€Å"artful subterfuge†, but what does THAT mean? And even if you do know what it means, the words in the answer choices are also pretty high-level; you might know what diligence and consensus mean, but the other three words are more difficult. So how would you solve this question? First, let’s see what we can get from the sentence.Even if you don’t know what â€Å"artful subterfuge† means, it must be something negative because it â€Å"alienated his colleagues†. If you don't know what "alienated" means, you might be able to infer it from breaking down the word: "alienated" has the word "alien" in it, so it looks like it means "to make alien," which is probably not a good thing. You’re looking for an answer choice with a negative connotation.This Fred guy is clearly bad news.You can also infer that â€Å"artful† means something like â€Å"crafty†, or in this case (with the negative connotation), â€Å"underhanded†.You need a word that means a dishonest method of achieving goals. Ok, now we will look at the answer choices. Diligence and consensus are both words you probably know, and neither of them is negative, so you can cross those out. This is where it gets really difficult - the three choices that are left are words you might not know. Disputation sounds like a dispute. That’s pretty negative, but it doesn’t really have anything to do with being tricky or underhanded. Bombast sounds like something that would be loud or big, not artful or tricky, but you might not be sure. Chicanery could be right. It has the same ending as â€Å"trickery†, and it sounds lighter than bombast (in that the word "bomb" is not in it). It seems like we can narrow it down to bombast or chicanery. Chicanery appeared more likely, so A is the answer we’re going to choose (and the right answer!). This question might seem impossible on the test if you don’t know the words, but if you make some smart inferences about the sentence and the meanings of the answer choices, you still have a good shot of answering correctly without knowing any exact definitions. It's not a sure thing (our assumptions about chicanery above were pretty flimsy even if they turned out to be right) (which they did), but you always have a good chance on these questions if you can narrow your answer down to a couple of likely choices. Fred. Now let’s look at a really hard double blank sentence completion question: Favoring economy of expression in writing, the professor urged students toward a _____ rather than an ______ prose style. A. spare...ornateB. terse...opinionatedC. personal...academicD. baroque...embellishedE. repetitive...intricate This isn't as difficult in the vocabulary department, but it has confusing answer choices and sentence phrasing that requires a high-level understanding of expressions. How do we solve this question? We know from the phrase â€Å"rather than† that the two words we use to fill in the blanks must be opposites - that’s important!The professor favors â€Å"economy of expression†, so the first word is going to reflect this type of writing style, while the second will be its opposite. What does â€Å"economy of expression† mean? We can infer from what we know about â€Å"economy† that it probably means something like not being wasteful with words.So the first word should describe an efficient writing style and the second word should describe a more flowery one. Now for the answer choices - I think this is the really hard part of this particular question.You have to remember that both words MUST FIT EXACTLY. First, let’s look at all the first words in the answer choices and see which ones match up with our determination of what the first word must describe.Spare does, terse pretty much does, hmm not sure about baroque, keep that one for now.Personal and repetitive are definitely wrong, so we can cross out choices C and E. It doesn't matter what the second word is if we know the first one is wrong. Let's move on to the second words in choices A, B, and D. A. spare...ornateB. terse...opinionatedC. personal...academicD. baroque...embellishedE. repetitive...intricate Spare and ornate are opposites, so A seems to work pretty well.Terse and opinionated don’t work together, because opinionated is definitely not the opposite of terse, so we can cross out choice B.Baroque and embellished (choice D) is a tough one. Embellished definitely works as the opposite of what the professor wants, but we're still not totally sure what baroque means. So it’s either A or D. At this point, we know that A seems to work, so we should go with that choice even if we are not sure about D.As it turns out, baroque refers to a style characterized by ornate detail (which it to say, not efficient), so A is in fact the correct answer! With this question, we can see how important it is to verify that both parts of a two part answer fit the sentence. Even with very difficult double blank sentence completion questions, if you break down the answers carefully you can arrive at the correct choice. Baroque art: proof that people had way too much free time before the advent of modern technology Question Type 2: Passage-Based Now let’s look at some of the hardest passage-based reading questions. I’ll break them down by category. Author Technique Author technique questions ask about why the author of the passage used a certain emphasis or device in his or her writing.These questions can be very difficult because you need to have a deep understanding of the author’s viewpoint and how different writing techniques work to develop arguments. Here’s one of the most difficult author technique questions I have seen: In lines 27-30, the author uses the word "conventional" several times in order to: A. reveal the performers' frustration with modern theatersB. disparage the present-day treatment of the artsC. parody the creative efforts of contemporary artistsD. emphasize the absurdity of a purely aesthetic approach to the artsE. exaggerate the importance of tradition in the arts The question refers to these lines in the passage: The trend toward preservation is significant not only because it is saving and restoring some superior buildings that are testimonials to the creative achievements of other times, but also because it is bucking the conventional wisdom of the conventional power structure that provides the backing for conventional culture centers to house the arts. I think this question is so difficult because it requires a very specific and nuanced understanding of the author’s goals and technique. It also provides answer choices that are overall pretty confusing. Let’s figure out how to solve it! First, we need to understand the question. Why does the author use the word â€Å"conventional† so many times in this paragraph?What’s the viewpoint she is trying to support? Clearly she is pro-preservation of historic architecture (she describes the buildings that preservation saves as "superior" and "testimonials to the creative achievements of other times", which are both good things), and conventional is being used negatively to describe the systems in place that would dismantle these cultural monuments.She is trying to emphasize how important it is not to allow the â€Å"conventional† ideas, systems, and centers to completely take over the arts. Now let’s look at the answers, remembering to be very picky and specific about eliminating any answers that are even a little bit wrong! Choice A:reveal the performers’ frustration with modern theaters True, the phrasing does convey a certain frustration, but is it used to reveal the performers’ frustration? Is it specifically about modern theaters? Nope. This answer makes itself too specific by mentioning performers and modern theaters, so it’s gotta be wrong. Choice B:disparage the present-day treatment of the arts This seems correct. â€Å"Conventional† is definitely being used as an insult (to â€Å"disparage† something).And it's insulting the attitudes and structures that surround contemporary treatment of the arts in public life. This one’s a winner! Choice C:parody the creative efforts of contemporary artists No, this looks like an irrelevant answer. Contemporary artists are not criticized and certainly not parodied by the repeated use of â€Å"conventional†.There’s no mention of contemporary artists at all! Cross it out! Choice D:emphasize the absurdity of a purely aesthetic approach to the arts Hmm...a â€Å"purely aesthetic approach† would mean an approach that only takes into account outside appearance.The author does seem like she might reject that sort of approach, but make sure you stick to the question. Is that why she repeatedly used â€Å"conventional†? Pure aesthetics isn’t what she's directly criticizing. It’s more the unfeeling bureaucratic mindset (the "power structure") that pervades today’s decisions about public cultural and artistic matters. This answer is slightly off from the author’s point, so it’s not going to work! Choice E:exaggerate the importance of tradition in the arts Again, this does seem like something the author would do - she clearly values cultural history - but is it what she’s actually doing here?In this case, â€Å"conventional† is used repeatedly to put down the current mindset surrounding the arts, not to raise up the author’s point. It’s part of a negative argument, not a positive one. This is an example of a weird type of opposite answer. Choice B is correct! This question was really hard because it gave a few answer choices that made some sort of sense with regards to the author’s viewpoint but that didn’t directly answer the question.This is why you need to always be sure to keep reminding yourself what you are being asked: to avoid just choosing an idea you saw in the passage but that doesn’t answer the specific question. If you think it will help, write down a paraphrased wording of what the question is asking that's easier for you to understand so you can stay focused while you look at the different answer choices. Example of an American cultural monument, am I right? Analogy Analogy questions are also really tough. They require you to make a comparison between something in the passage and something unrelated to the passage that exemplifies a parallel relationship or theme. This means first understanding an abstract concept in the passage and then matching it to one of five other abstract concepts that sound similar. Let’s take a look at one of the hardest analogy questions: The "mystery" discussed in lines 10-13 is most analogous to that encountered in which of the following situations? A. Being unable to locate the source of materials used to construct an ancient palaceB. Being unable to reconcile archaelogical evidence with mythical descriptions of an ancient cityC. Being unable to explain how ancient peoples constructed imposing monuments using only primitive technologyD. Being unable to understand the religious function of a chamber found inside an ancient templeE. Being unable to discover any trace of a civilization repeatedly mentioned by ancient authors Here’s the part of the passage we need to refer to: But finding Machu Picchu was easier than solving the mystery of its place in the rich and powerful Inca empire. The imposing architecture attested to the skill and audacity of the Incas. But who had lived at this isolated site and for what purpose? First, let’s figure out what the question is asking. Which situation in the answer choices is most similar to the â€Å"mystery† described in the passage?So we need to figure out what the mystery is based on the passage. Going from the first sentence, the mystery is the role Machu Picchu played in the Inca empire.We also should note descriptions of Machu Picchu in the passage to make as direct a comparison as possible. We know it had â€Å"imposing architecture† and was â€Å"isolated† but no one knows who lived there or why it existed. Ok, let’s find the most similar answer choice now! Choice A: Being unable to locate the source of materials used to construct an ancient palace The mystery in the passage is about the purpose of Machu Picchu in the context of the Incan Empire.It doesn’t involve any confusion about HOW the city was created.This answer doesn’t fit because the mystery has nothing to do with the origin of Machu Picchu, it has to do with its function. Get rid of it! Choice B:Being unable to reconcile archaeological evidence with mythical descriptions of an ancient city This one doesn't work either. The content doesn't match with the mystery in the passage because there were no mythical descriptions of Machu Picchu. The mystery isn't about any sort of mismatch between the archeological reality of Machu Picchu and how it was described. It's about the fact that its purpose in the Incan empire wasn't described at all. Cross this one out! Choice C:Being unable to explain how ancient peoples constructed imposing monuments using only primitive technology This one is tricky, because the mystery does involve not being able to explain Machu Picchu’s existence.BUT the mystery is not about the logistics of its construction - it’s about the WHY, while this situation is about the HOW. This one is also incorrect! Choice D: Being unable to understand the religious function of a chamber found inside an ancient temple This answer looks promising - it talks about being unable to explain function, and the mystery is the role of Machu Picchu - synonyms!Explaining the religious function of a chamber found inside a temple is analogous to explaining the function of Machu Picchu in the Incan Empire. How does one part function in the context of the whole it belongs to? This answer seems correct. Choice E: Being unable to discover any trace of a civilization repeatedly mentioned by ancient authors This answer again presents a mismatch between evidence and reality (similar to choice B) when no such conflict exists in the mystery of Machu Picchu - there’s simply no evidence at all. Another wrong answer! Choice D is the one we want! Analogy questions like this require you to think at a pretty high level in terms of inferences because you need to make a connection to something totally outside of the passage. However, this doesn’t change the rule about looking for direct evidence for your answers. Notice how in this question we focused on the fact that the mystery was about the role of Machu Picchu.By using this evidence, we were able to find the most direct connection in the answer choices by noting that role and function are synonyms. Machu Picchu - I think I need to go there. Paired Passages Paired passage questions contain some of the most difficult questions on the SAT Critical Reading section because they ask you to look at arguments from different viewpoints and make inferences about the views of passage authors. It's a real mental challenge when these questions ask you to put yourself in someone else's shoes (especially someone whose opinion is different from your own or unfamiliar to you) and then take it one step further and analyze another person's opinion from that viewpoint. Here’s one of the hardest paired passage questions I’ve seen: Based on lines 63-67 ("nobody...sheep"), the author of Passage 2 would most likely appear to the author of Passage 1 as A. a neutral observer of animal behaviorB. well informed concerning research into animal intelligenceC. having a deep fondness for border collies and therefore overestimating themD. having little respect for traditional scientific researchE. having a narrow understanding of what constitutes intelligence Here’s Passage 1: And here are the lines referenced in Passage 2: â€Å"nobody could believe dispassionately in the totality of positive and negative reinforcement after seeing the pure intelligence shining in the face of a border collie intent upon helping a shepherd herd sheep† How should we go about solving this question? This is the type of SAT Critical Reading question where it actually is important to read and absorb the whole passage.We need to have a strong idea of how the author of Passage 1 feels about canine intelligence. From reading the passage, it’s clear that the author of Passage 1 takes a more cynical view of the issue. People are inclined to believe that dogs are intelligent because we are always around them and they are good companions, but this has no basis in scientific fact. What does this mean about the author of Passage 1’s opinions on the author of Passage 2 based on the quote? Well, it seems like he or she would probably think the author of Passage 2 was naive and falling into the trap of wishful thinking.The quote cites unscientific, emotional evidence of the intelligence of a particular dog breed. Ok, now let’s look at our choices! Choice A:a neutral observer of animal behavior Hmm no, I don’t think so. This is almost an opposite answer. Clearly the author of Passage 2 is biased towards believing dogs are intelligent. There's no way the author of Passage 1 would think of her as a neutral observer based on her statement about border collies. Cross it out! Choice B:well informed concerning research into animal intelligence Nothing in the quote says anything about research, so it wouldn’t make sense for the author of Passage 1 to consider the author of Passage 2 well informed about animal intelligence research based on the excerpt. This is definitely an irrelevant answer - get rid of it! Choice C:having a deep fondness for border collies and therefore overestimating them Hmm, this seems possible. The author's point in Passage 1 was that people’s emotional attachment to dogs causes them to overestimate their intelligence. In Passage 2, the author is clearly citing her own positively biased observations of border collies as evidence of their intelligence. The author of Passage 1 would definitely think she was overestimating border collies because of how much she likes them. This answer makes sense. Choice D:having little respect for traditional scientific research This one isn't going to work - it makes too many assumptions. The quote doesn’t indicate anything about the author of Passage 2’s feelings towards scientific research.There’s no reason the author of Passage 1 would make this specific judgment based on the excerpt. This is a pretty tricky answer choice. It would make some degree of sense for the author of Passage 1 to believe this about the author of Passage 2 since she's citing anecdotal evidence rather than scientific facts to back up her point about border collies. However, this answer is too nonspecific to be correct. There's nothing that directly points to the fact that the author of Passage 2 doesn't respect traditional scientific research. She certainly does respect her own (perhaps biased) judgments that aren't based in science, but that doesn't mean that she looks down on real scientific research. Eliminate it! Choice E:having a narrow understanding of what constitutes intelligence If anything, the author of Passage 2 adopts a wider understanding of animal intelligence than the author of Passage 1 because she entertains the notion that dogs are more intelligent than scientists believe.There’s no reason why the excerpt would cause the author of Passage 1 to believe the author of Passage 2 had a narrow understanding of intelligence. This one’s wrong too! Choice C is correct! I thought this question was particularly tricky because it asked you to do some high-level inference work and provided a correct answer that might at first have seemed too specific. It also gave some other answer choices that appeared plausible but didn't fit with any evidence in the quote from Passage 2. In these types of questions, it’s important not to doubt yourself and to use process of elimination very strictly. Even if you're being asked to infer something about one passage author from the point of view of another, your inference will still be based on direct evidence from the passages. In related news, border collies are too cute to handle. Review The most difficult sentence completion questions on SAT Critical Reading will expect you to understand high-level vocabulary in both the sentence itself and the answer choices. Even if you don’t know specific definitions of all the words, process of elimination can help you get down to one or two answer choices.Remember to look for connotation in the sentence and note relationships between words and phrases so you know exactly what you’re looking for. The most difficult passage-based questions on SAT Critical Reading will ask you to understand and compare abstract concepts and points of view. It's important to always be clear on what the question is asking first.Some choices might be relevant to information in the passage without being a direct answer to the question. Above all, BE PICKY. The hardest questions are relying on your inability to eliminate slightly incorrect answers.If you can’t find direct evidence for a choice, you have to get rid of it. Even the hardest Critical Reading questions can be answered confidently with enough practice! What's Next? Want more tips on how to master the SAT Critical Reading section? Check out our article on how to get an 800! Also, take a look at these articles for more tips if you're still struggling with running out or time or reading the passageson for Critical Reading. Finally, here are six strategies you can use to improve your score.Take a practice test to get started! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Critical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Critical analysis - Essay Example Thus unjust measures enforced by the so called laws came to an end. Almost all the works ever produced in the history have philosophical identity. The philosophers’ writings on various subjects signify their philosophical ideas and themes which they articulate and suppose in order to distinguish between good and evil. Philosophy and logic are eager to study the techniques and theories applied in making distinction between correct and incorrect reasoning. Logic is, Copi views, the study of the methods and principles used to differentiate good (correct) from bad (incorrect) reasoning. (1986:3.) The main objective behind logic is analysis of ones own thinking, which helps an individual in evaluating the knowledge he has attained on the one hand and to support his mental growth and cognitive development on the other. Furthermore, comprehensive and in-depth examination of thinking is highly beneficial in order to draw out divergence between good and evil as well as right and wrong. The same is the case with the Hindu Brahman came across by Voltaire. Voltaire is of the opinion that levels of satisfaction as well as mode of feeling happy vary from one individual to the other. Since human societies have been divided into countless categories including caste, class, creed, community, clan, tribe, region, religion, race, age-group and socioeconomic status, their views, habits and thinking are also differ from one another. Some of the individuals seek happiness and contentment in simple and plain way of leading life within the set up of their personal little worries, little knowledge and commitment to their everyday tasks and routine life. On the contrary, another stratum of society declares knowledge and wisdom as the first and foremost thing, and struggles hard to seek more and more wisdom and foresight. The desire for acquiring for more knowledge realizes the

The Fortune 100 Best COmpanies Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Fortune 100 Best COmpanies - Coursework Example When executed accurately, this relationship will benefit all the parties involved. It will ensure the company that only the ones who possess the specific skills are directed to the company. In addition, it means reduced expenditure and reduced wastage of time. For the agency, there is more profit, and for the candidate, the most suitable job in the shortest period of time. However, for the relationship, to work properly, there should be a clear understanding between the employer and the recruitment agency as to what are the specific requirements for various positions in the company.This work intends to look into the Fortune 100 Best Companies to Work for List and tries to identify the best performing companies in terms of percentage of job growth, top salary and perks. Thereafter, the companies that are suitable for people with less work experience are identified and listed. Also, the companies that suit the fresh graduates of St. Leo University are identified and listed. ... The more the working relationships are, the easier the work will be, and the higher the placement will be. By having working relationships with the companies, it will be easy to identify exactly what qualities the companies are looking for in the potential candidates. That way, it will be easy to meet the expectations of the employer and the employee in a better way. When such a relationship is developed, it benefits all the concerned parties. For the company, this ensures easy availability of the most suitable candidates in the shortest possible time, and that too at a considerably lower cost. When the relationship works out as the candidates are successful, the agency gains more credibility, and thus, more business. Thirdly, for the candidate, there is the most suitable job with less effort as there is no need to search for vacancies in various companies. This work attempts to look into the Fortune 100 Best Companies to Work for List, and tries to find out which are some important companies in the list with which a recruitment agency has to develop working relationships. In addition, efforts are made to identify the ones which best suit candidates with less experience, and the ones which best suit the fresh graduates from Saint Leo University. Here, the candidates are adults with some work experience and fresh graduates of St. Leo University. To analyze the situation, the Fortune 100 Best Companies to Work for List is used. 1. Benefits of establishing a working relationship with the Fortune 100 Best Companies to Work For Undoubtedly, establishing a working relationship with companies makes the role of employment agency much easier. This is especially so when the companies have not provided a clear idea about the skills they are looking

Essentials of Health Information Management Essay Example for Free

Essentials of Health Information Management Essay Source- oriented medical records are kept together by subject matters, such as data from all laboratory results. Progress notes are all kept together and are written in paragraph format; these entries are filed under a specific sectionalized area in the patient chart and are usually in chronological order. Many facilities use the chronological order because this is an easy way to locate the required documents. The major advantage is that information is organized together, which makes it easier to determine the assessment, treatment, and observations a particular department provided a patient. The major disadvantage is there is no possible way to quickly determine all of the patient problems or treatment that has been provided to the patient. Problem- oriented medical records are kept together by a problem number; with this a number is placed to each problem. This is the most traditional way that most physicians document his or her records. Progress notes are kept in a â€Å"SOAP format, which is S= subjective, O=objective, A= assessment, and P= plan of action.† (SOAP Notes, 2010) The problem oriented-medical records have four parts, which include a database, problem list, initial plan, and progress notes. The major advantage is the record format is the ease or progression through all the data. The data is organized into stratified sections, which is quicker to find information needed and allows for a more rapid review of multiple office vists over time. The major disadvantage is that this type of format requires additional training and commitment from the medical and professional staff. An integrated record is a combination of source- oriented and problem- oriented medical records. The records are arranged in a strict chronological order, regardless of the source of original information. This method keeps a good account of continual events as the events occur and this method makes it difficult to compare and coordinate the issues easily. References Farlex. (2011). The Free Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.medical-dictonary.thefreedictionary.com SOAP Notes. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.maexample.com/soap-notes.htm

Technology and the Future of State University :: Technology Education Essays

Technology and the Future of State University In the future, State University will be tremendously affected by technology. Through computers, State University's technology will expand. Every student will own a laptop. There will also be a finger print security system installed, and an honor code will be enforced. Finally, the sports facilities and buildings at State University will be redesigned so that they will be state of the art buildings. We live in a world of electronic writing. In the future, every student enrolled at State University will have to purchase a laptop computer. With this new program, teachers will have to have more education to teach these classes and students will benefit from this better education. The Internet will be available to all students in every classroom. I am already being trained to be knowledgeable of computers. Luckily, this will help me for job interviews. Many classes will not meet in the classroom but rather online in the comfort of each student’s own dorm room. This self-teaching method of the future will interest many high schoolers and cause many positive decisions pertaining to whether or not they will attend college. Birkerts states, â€Å"The fate of the book must be considered side by side with the fate of the electronic chip and screen based technologies†(p.479). Just as he explains, through increases in technology, students will all have access to computerized testing, and this luxury will be more convenient for both teachers and students. Teachers will be able to post tests and daily assignments over the Internet. This will be another luxury for students in the future. These availabilities will allow for grades to be posted via email daily, and this will encourage students to navigate the Internet. Obviously, the promptness of this advancement will benefit the test takers. Getting scores back from taken tests soon after they are checked and graded by the computerized system will enhance each student’s learning experience. This new grading system will not only give the students their grade, but also will list the incorrect answers that each student chose along with the c orrect answer. The accurateness of the grading system dealing with information pertaining to correct and incorrect answers will also benefit the student while he or she prepares for the cumulative exam. Needless to say, the fate of the book and paper copy tests is slowly diminishing.

Nabakov and Orwell: The Politics of World-Building Essay

Nabakov’s primary point in â€Å"Good Readers and Good Writers† is to embrace the notion that the best writers create new realities out of chaos in their writing. Good readers, then, must abandon traditional notions of history and socioeconomic theory, and approach works with a sense of imagination and a well-honed sense of aesthetics. Orwell’s famous â€Å"Politics and the English Language† bears certain similarities to this, and may well have been a precursor to Nabakov’s theories. Orwell believes that politics led to the over-complication of language, from flowery metaphors to indecipherable scientific jargon. This seems readily apparent during election season, when candidates hide true perspectives and platforms behind a bevy of blinding buzzwords. However, it is important to note that what Orwell excoriates, Nabakov celebrates—after all, Nabakov insists that a good reader will have a good dictionary, the better with which to map out this new world that their favorite author is shaping. This is certainly true in a college education, where one cannot simply advocate simplicity and refuse to learn any complexity. In Orwell’s defense, he was not attempting to offer criticism on a literary level, but wished to comment on the political rhetoric of the time, which then (as now) sought to use inflated phrases to inflate candidates who, in reality, were downright hollow inside. Nabakov advocates something closer to a cause/effect structure—he does not denigrate the (often complicated) politics embedded within literary fiction. Rather, he urges good readers to enjoy the stories they read as fantastic literature first, and political screed second. Orwell would be unlikely to agree with this view, as his two most famous works (Animal Farm and 1984) serve as political warnings against Communism, and the stories wrapped around these warning are, for all intents and purposes, ornamental only. To extend the metaphor further, Nabakov’s theory stresses the necessity of the ornaments in order to appreciate the whole tree; viewing a story with a pre-packaged idea of what it means was just as unseemly to Nabakov as the reuse of political slogans was to Orwell: it is nothing more than an excuse to avoid original thought, which is necessary to good writers, readers, and politicians.

Abortion and Unborn Child Essay

For many years when you heard the word abortion people would have plenty to say. Everyone has an opinion when it comes to abortions and how they affect women and men. Mitt Romney who is one of our former presidential candidates has very interesting views about abortion. Many people will agree with how Mitt Romney wanted to handle abortion if he won office. Romney was brought up in a Mormon house hold and in this religion abortion is a forbidden word. Abortion should be illegal and should be frown upon like murder in America. Abortion is a medical procedure that requires a licensed professional to perform under doctor and nursing care. This procedure is abuse to the mother and the unborn child it consisted of salt poisoning, a partial birth, dilation and evacuation of embryo. According to (Romney2011) he made several comments in his campaign about how he is a big supporter of the reversal of Roe vs Wade. The Roe vs Wade was a controversial case this was history in the making. Before 1973 abortions were illegal. Abortions are looked at as killing a life that did not have a choice. Romney is an advocate and big supporter of the unborn child protection act. He opposes abortion except in rape, incest, and if the mother’s life is in danger. See more:  The Story of an Hour Literary Analysis Essay Some people have used the word genocide to describe abortion in the early 1900’s which means killing off a species of any decent. Abortions should be out lawed in the U. S. and should have strict punishment for anyone who chooses to break this law. Women are seeking for affordable ways to receive an abortion procedure and run into all kinds of problems which may cause you can bleed to death. According to Guttmacher Institute about 41 million legal abortions take place worldwide each year and about 48% of those abortions are illegal. In 1988 the abortion pill was introduced to France. Both types of abortions surgical or medical can have physical side effects such as nausea, stomach cramps, bleeding, and some mental or emotional problems. Health problems can occur even with a license doctor there are still many things that can go wrong. There are reports of women who had a legal abortion procedure and died. Some women have had the procedure and never been able to get pregnant or carry a baby to full term due to problems caused from having an abortion. This is a big concern for America when women are dying on the table after having an out- patient surgery performed. Abortions affect everybody not just the women who carry’s the child. Men play a role in the conception but are not asked what their opinion is on what will happen. Men should have a choice too, they have feelings but we often don’t take them into consideration. The women may want to have an abortion due to money problems or not stable enough to handle a child at the moment. The men should be allowed to have some right to where if they are stable enough they will have a choice to raise the child. We have single mother’s and father’s in our country in all different races and religion. I have seen men turn their life around due to having children some men will say having a child saved their life. Some people believe that a unborn child has the right to live weather the life they choose will be a good life or not. People will say that the fetus right to live comes before the mother’s right to choose. One view that made really good sense was if the government keep giving the women an option or a way out then extinction and poverty will be sure to come. If we make abortions illegal then America will think before they act. Women and men won’t be so quick to have unprotected sex which can result in a child being conceived. Women will resort to other ways to protect themselves like using condoms or birth control options to ensure they don’t have a pregnancy. The use of birth control lowers the likelihood of abortions by 85%. We can educate people better about the other options they may choose instead of abortion. Adoption is a good idea with adoption your child can be born an given a fair chance at life to a family that may not be able to have children. Abortions should be illegal due to the lack of facts about is the fetus really a life or a mother’s choice. Congress need to come together and make a law about the abortions in our country. Being a activist can be a good way to spread the message about pro-life choices. An activist sometimes carry a bad rep because in the past some activist routinely threatened clinic workers and some even stalked the families or damaged their property and pets. Many pro-lifers will use the bible as a tool to get the message across about abortions being wrong. The bible do state that to do away with a life in anyway is a sin. (â€Å" We need to protect our future generations and legal abortion is the unlimited right to the private use of lethal force against innocent human beings. †) Boyle,M 1997. The late-term abortions are just too horrible to imagine this consist of the fetus being in second or third trimester or and having a live birth then killing off fetus when it is extracted from the mother. This is murder to many people when you are stopping a life from becoming a human being. A website that will give you a good view on what abortions really are is called Nuremberg Files. This website aims to make us visualize the criminal nature of abortion it makes the pro-life activist point out how the fetus is the victims. By allowing abortions to be legal make us question other laws like self defense law or the right to bear arms. Some laws are put in place to help protect or regulate a law that is already put in place. Abortion is another word for murder we can’t expect the world to be a better place if we allow such decisions to be made by a woman who want to terminate a fetus just because of her own selfish reasons. Men should have the same rights to a fetus they played a part in creating. A woman should have the right to choose to be safe and protect herself from harm but we cannot give her the right to abort a unborn child that did not ask to be here children, fetus, and embryos should have the right to live.

The Adventures of Huckelbery Finn essays

The Adventures of Huckelbery Finn essays Mark Twain wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in the 1800s. During this time slavery was socially acceptable. Even in the church it was taught that there was nothing wrong with slavery. Black people were often referred to as niggers. Huck, even though he was a friend of Jim, didnt even think twice about calling a black person a nigger. Huck would say things like Give a nigger an inch and hell take an ell.(86) He didnt see anything wrong with using language like this. He didnt see anything wrong with it because he was taught to call black people niggers just like his dad did and everyone else around him did also. During this period in history in the south, that is how people talked. I think the meaning of the word nigger was different then than it is now. The word nigger was used in this book because in the 1800s it was common language. It did not have the same impact on a person back then as it does today. Jim even uses the word nigger freely as if it does not have any meaning to it. He says, I wouldnt low no nigger to call me dat.(77) Jim does not seem to be offended by the word because he uses the word himself. I think that the African Americans at this time are so prone to hearing this word used that they do not even think about what the meaning of the word nigger is. I do not think Huck really knew what the true meaning of the word nigger was. I think he just thought it was another name for a person that was black. If there is anyone in this novel that has an anti-racism attitude, it is Huck. He is the one who helped Jim escape to freedom when nobody else would have cared. Huck was Jims only friend and I think Jim knew it. When Huck found Jim on Jackson Island, Jim trusted Huck enough to tell him what he had done. Jim said, ...you wouldnt tell on me ef I uz ...

Battle of Pydna in the Third Macedonian War

Battle of Pydna in the Third Macedonian War Battle of Pydna - Conflict Date: The Battle of Pydna is believed to have been fought on June 22, 168 BC and was part of the Third Macedonian War. Armies Commanders: Romans Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus38,000 men Macedonians Perseus of Macedon44,000 men Battle of Pydna - Background: In 171 BC, after several inflammatory acts on the part of King Perseus of Macedon, the Roman Republic declared war. During the conflicts opening days, Rome won a series of minor victories as Perseus refused to commit the bulk of his forces in battle. Later that year, he reversed this trend and defeated the Romans at the Battle of Callicinus. After the Romans refused a peace initiative from Perseus, the war settled into a stalemate as they were unable to find an effective way to invade Macedon. Establishing himself in a strong position near the River Elpeus, Perseus awaited the Romans next move. Battle of Pydna - The Romans Move: In 168 BC, Lucius Aemilius Paullus began moving against Perseus. Recognizing the strength of the Macedonian position, he dispatched 8,350 men under Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica with orders to march towards the coast. A feint intended to mislead Perseus, Scipios men turned south and crossed the mountains in an effort to attack the Macedonian rear. Alerted to this by a Roman deserter, Perseus sent a 12,000-man blocking force under Milo to oppose Scipio. In the battle that followed, Milo was defeated and Perseus was forced to move his army north to the village of Katerini, just south of Pydna. Battle of Pydna - The Armies Form: Reuniting, the Romans pursued the enemy and found them on June 21 formed for battle on a plain near the village. With his men tired from the march, Paullus declined to give battle and made camp in the nearby foothills of Mount Olocrus. The next morning Paullus deployed his men with his two legions in the center and other allied infantry on the flanks. His cavalry was posted on the wings at each end of the line. Perseus formed his men in a similar fashion with his phalanx in the center, light infantry on the flanks, and cavalry on the wings. Perseus personally commanded the cavalry on the right. Battle of Pydna - Perseus Beaten: Around 3:00 PM, the Macedonians advanced. The Romans, unable to cut through the long spears and tight formation of the phalanx, were pushed back. As the battle moved into the uneven terrain of the foothills, the Macedonian formation began to break down allowing the Roman legionaries to exploit the gaps. Surging into the Macedonian lines and fighting at close quarters, the Romans swords proved devastating against the lightly armed phalangites. As the Macedonian formation began to collapse, the Romans pressed their advantage. Paullus center was soon reinforced by troops from the Roman right which had successfully driven off the Macedonian left. Striking hard, the Romans soon put Perseus center to rout. With his men breaking, Perseus elected to flee the field having not committed the bulk of his cavalry. He was later accused of cowardice by those Macedonians who survived the battle. On the field, his elite 3,000-strong Guard fought to the death. All told, the battle lasted less than an hour. Having achieved victory, Roman forces pursued the retreating enemy until nightfall. Battle of Pydna - Aftermath: Like many battles from this period, exact casualties for the Battle of Pydna are not known. Sources indicate that the Macedonians lost around 25,000, while Roman casualties were over 1,000.  The battle is also seen as a triumph of the legions tactical flexibility over the more rigid phalanx. While the Battle of Pydna did not end the Third Macedonian War, it effectively broke the back of Macedonian power. Shortly after the battle, Perseus surrendered to Paulus and was taken to Rome where he was paraded during a triumph before being imprisoned. Following the war, Macedon effectively ceased to exist as an independent nation and the kingdom was dissolved.   It was replaced by four republics which were effectively client states of Rome.   Less than twenty years later, the region would formally become a province of Rome following the Fourth Macedonian War. Selected Sources Third Macedonian WarBattle of PydnaHistory of War: Battle of Pydna

Asset Classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Asset Classes - Essay Example Currently, Merrill Lynch handled investments in several asset class types. The company’s current fund holdings include Retail Holdrs Fund. The Fund’s trading symbol is ROHD. The fund falls under the Consumer Cyclical asset class category. Merrill Lynch also invests in Europe 2001 Holdrs Fund. The Fund’s trading symbol is EKH. The fund is categorized as a European Stock asset class. Another Merrill Lynch fund investment is the Telecom Holdrs Fund. The Fund’s trading symbol is TTH. The fund is categorized as Communications category asset class. Finally, the company entertains investment activities in the Software Holders Fund. The Fund’s trading symbol is SWH. The fund is placed under the Technology category asset class (biz.yahoo.com). Home Depot Inc. belongs to the Dow 30 companies. The company belongs to the stock investment asset class, a blue chip Class A asset class. People invest in the company’s stocks. In return, the investors hope to generate dividend income from their investments. If the company generates net profits, the investors will receive their expected dividends. On the other hand, if the company does not generate a net profit, the company will not be able to deliver the expected dividends to the eagerly waiting investors. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) shows the average price of the United States stock exchange’s 30 blue chip Class A stocks. Home Depot Inc. is one of the Dow’s 30 blue chip stocks (Fredman, 1998). The company’s stock market price on October 23, 2012 is pegged at $61.75 per share in the stock market. The price dropped by 0.47 percent compared to its prior trading day’s share price. The company’s 3rd quarter financial statements show that the company was able to favorably generated $0.70 earnings per share figure. This means that all stockholders of Home Depot Inc. are forecasted to receive $ 0.70 for every share that they invested in the company. A

How desalination of seawater for use as drinking water relates to the Essay

How desalination of seawater for use as drinking water relates to the principles of osmosis - Essay Example The process utilizes the principle of reverse osmosis and has its own share of advantages and disadvantages. Description and Evaluation Osmosis is defined as â€Å"the passage or diffusion of water or other solvents through a semipermeable membrane that blocks the passage of dissolved solutes† (Kershner, 2012). Technically, water moves from an area of less solute concentration to that of greater solute concentration, because water seeks equilibrium and thus seeks to make the concentration of the area with greater solute more or less equal. It does so through osmosis and water only stops moving once balance is attained or until equal osmotic pressure is reached. This is the state where there is no more movement by solvent. The desalination of water is not osmosis but rather the opposite of it: reverse osmosis (Kershner, 2012). In the case of reverse osmosis, there is movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from an area of greater solute concentration to t hat of less solute concentration, or simply the movement of the solvent away from where solute concentration is relatively higher. ... Applying pressure to saltwater to pass through the semipermeable membrane will make the solvent or water component to pass through but not the relatively bigger particles of salt. Thus, one has salt on one side of the semipermeable membrane and freshwater on the other (Kershner, 2012). See Figure 1 for the schematic diagram of the reverse osmosis desalination plant. Figure 1. Schematic representation of a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant Source: http://freshlysqueezedwater.org.uk/waterarticle_reverseosmosis.php The reverse osmosis system includes several features. One of these is the type of semipermeable membrane used, upon which the percentage of tap water impurities removed depends. Cellulose Tri-Acetate, or CTA, membranes possess a removal rate of around 88 to 94% of tap water impurities. Thin Film Composite, or TFC, membranes remove around 94 to 98% of all solids, and Hi-S membranes are responsible for the elimination of 97.5 to 99% of all impurities especially fine silicates (FAQs: Reverse Osmosis Water, 2013). Moreover, the three main components of the system include the high pressure pump, the energy recovery device and the reverse osmosis membranes. The high pressure pump is responsible for providing the pressure needed for seawater in order for it to move from an area of high solute or salt concentration to an area of lower solute concentration. Depending on the salinity and temperature of the seawater, the amount of pressure provided by the high pressure pump ranges from 55 to 85 bars. The pressure then creates not only the movement of the flow of concentrate, but also energy. The energy recovery devices are then responsible for the reuse of the energy coming from the flow of the

TOWER OF LONDON (LONDON) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

TOWER OF LONDON (LONDON) - Essay Example The Tower of London which is also known as ‘Her Majesty’s Royal Palace and Fortress’ is the royal palace of England which is made up of several buildings. The Tower of London was made in order to control and protect the whole city. The architecture is a complex that consists of several buildings and is surrounded by a moat and defensive walls. It is a significantly important landmark in London famous for the several features that it has. The White Tower was built in 1078 by William the Conqueror and was marked as a symbol of oppression which was imposed by the new elites. The castle has been used for many purposes from being a prison to a royal residence. One of its most important features is that its Jewel House houses the Crown Jewels which include symbols of royalty, a collection of crowns, swords, rings, and scepters. These historical items and the layers of history which is related to the Tower of London is what make it significant since it was built and till today (Cline 14). The Tower of London was built in 1066 by William the Conqueror and it holds immense universal value because of its cultural features and qualities. Its finest quality is its landmark setting in the City of London which is suitable for both controlling and protecting the city. It is set as a gateway to the capital and previously as the gateway to the Norman kingdom. Its location was chosen strategically at the north-end of Thames River and it serves as a separation point between the powerful monarchy and the developing capital city. The tower served a double role as a protection provider for the city through the defence walls and structure as well as the structure to control the citizens. The tower was a very tall building and it was the highest in its surrounding till the 19th century (Parnell 32). The tower also served as a symbol of Norman power as it was built to demonstrate the Norman power. The Tower significantly represents the Norman Conquest of the 11th century more than

Safety in Outdoor Adventure Activities

Safety in Outdoor Adventure Activities How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee, O sylvan Wye! thou wanderer thro the woods, How often has my spirit turned to thee! William Wordsworth Introduction Within the vacillations of the framework for environmental adventure education, it is of extreme importance that the instructor/evaluator be able to integrate the predetermination of participants into their scheme or objectives. In this way, the student guides the instructor into lines of necessity as well as the instructor laying ground rules for the future participation in outings or events. Additionally, the achievement protocol must become based entirely on the mental success of students as well as the substantiation of their prideful focus on these activities. The only growth potential for a student participating in adventure activities comes from the assimilation of new techniques and the mitigation of challenging evidence to the contrary of their own prideful and successful belief structure. Environment Prior to the approach of adventure travelers into this unique world of kayaking, it was important to access the environmental affecters which might change or determine the course of participation. Particular evaluations made prior to the event inception include the legislative comprehension, evaluation of the weather and potential natural events, and the ability to access the area of travel. Legislation: Obviously, it is of significant import to determine if the government regulates any particulars of a given activity. In this situation, it was determined through research of the location, contact with the governing authority, as well as research via the internet, that there was no mitigating legislation which might inhibit our participation. Weather: Secondly, it was of high import that on the morning of our event that I evaluate the current weather forecast in order to determine the propensity for travel during our given timeframe. Fortunately, on this day, there was only a ten percent change of rain and no other signs of negative influence on our journey. It was, however, an interesting indicator of the success for future adventure travel that the frequent variations in weather could potentially inhibit the safe travel and passage of my guests. Accessibility: Finally, the ability to access the chosen area was necessitated by the current stratification of river bodies which occupy the housing of exclusive clubs and organizations. In this particular scenario, integration with the Wey Kayak Club offered ease of access into the determined junction and we were able to put in our kayaks without problem or negative event. Safety As the group set out for the kayaking expedition, it was the integral safety of this particular activity which was at the forefront of our situation. The Kayaks loaded onto our transport, my mind returned to the analysis which I had conducted prior to embarkation and the results propelled us forward. Significantly, the most important factors which would affect this expedition were the abilities of the adventurers, the quality of the equipment, and the pattern of the river. The Adventurers: In this particular exercise, due to the beginner requirements of the River Wye, there is minimal training which must occur prior to integration into the waters. However, several basic skills must be mastered for the particular possibility of catastrophic events. These include the ability to rollover one’s Kayak in still water and the ability to paddle, determined by the comfort level of the user to rotate from control to free hand and integrate this motion into actual events. Equipment: Obviously, the choice of equipment for beginner kayakers was essential to the experience of the adventurer as well as the integration of their skills into the required exercises. This choice was made based upon the structural stability of the craft, the ease of maneuverability, and finally, the portability based on weight. For this project, we chose the recreational kayak, as regardless of distance upon the river, the necessity of a touring, whitewater, or downriver kayak was not insinuated. It was through the simplified maneuverability and average weight of the recreational model was perfect for beginners. River Topography: Essential to the affectation of a safe and enthralling kayaking expedition are the dynamics of the river traveled. Through careful analysis of entry and exit point, including the portability of the equipment, the expected encounter of rapids, and the re-transportation of the kayaks to the vehicles, essential standards were established for the decided location for participation. The unique makeup of the Wye river as topographically without rapid intervention, as well as the sustained current and comfortable beginner training area made for a well participated journey. Near the A3 just off of the Riverside Guildford offered a unique put in area, and nearly five miles downriver, there sat our retrieval vehicle for our expedient return. Participants Obviously, the essential integration of diverse participants into the leisure industry is entirely reliant on the ability to create and perpetuate the inclusion of exciting and varied events. Additionally, it is through the one on one coaching that the student may become inspired to the revision of pre-determined tactics. In terms of the kayaking exercise, it was essential for me to establish my own flow and abilities prior to begin to coach the ladies with their approach. Therefore, through acceptance of their instructor’s usefulness, students will continue to find their challenges lurk in personnel as well as their susceptibility to the norm when it should be through the modification of corporate structure that corporations actively seek out success. Skill/Behavior: This critical area of adventure evaluation determined the extreme tasks undertake by our group of participants. It was essential for our success in this event that my perception prior to water immersion was integrated with the information provided by the group. Of those participating, there were two kayakers in particular who were at a significant disadvantage to the others, having neither paddled in placid nor rapid water. It was my primary objective to identify their weaknesses and instruct their advance in the tactics for water safety and effective technique. As I, myself, was challenged by the opportunity to move from test cycle to natural environment, it would become prudent that my water skills be tested and personally approved prior to leading the expedition downstream. My noticeable flaw was my inability to maintain a consistent paddling rhythm, resulting in a circular motion unbefitting of an instructor. Through readjustment of my grip, from tension upon the control hand and an integrated relaxed method of my free rotating hand, I was able improve greatly within the first few minutes of water immersion. Ultimately, when kayaking, your control hand must hold the shaft with the knuckles lined up with the upper edge of the blade. The opposite hand now has the ability to relax and rotate. Importantly, one hand must release slightly from the paddle during strokes or the grips will be in direct opposition to each other’s movement. As my students watched my struggle, and eventually my success, their confidence was additionally improved and paddling techniques became more fluid and effective. It was essential to the group safety that this establishment of technique be a priority, regardless of the anxiousness of the more proficient participants. I also noticed a particular flaw in several group members as their challenge of interactivity within the integrated setting set them off on tangents which drove their progress too far downstream. This safety risk and particular avarice to my instruction demonstrated a need for adaptable discipline, and as I coached them on their group progression, I showed group reintegration and the affectation of a common goal of the waterway traverse. Confidence Development: Of particular importance to the adventure sports leadership is the response by participants to the activities and circumstances of their journey. The unique ability to watch as my group utilized peer support in order to affect skill development, coupled with the integration of a common objective was highly inspiring. I realized that as I utilized my maneuvers to coach and develop participants, they in turn were able to break away in order to perpetuate the growth of others. It was through this interaction that the group developed significant self-confidence, as their skills and application of environmental integration offered a high standard of pride and personal affectation. As students were able to finally overcome the challenge of task integration into a mentally perceived practice environment, their speed, dexterity, and skill all became more proficient and inspired. In fact, their skills were excitedly exploited during one course of a set of small rapids as student participated in a group attempt to enact an individual rollover at the base. The perception was that through the group collaboration, in spite of the danger or challenge, that each student would be able to descend the current, come to a halt with a  ½ rotation spin, and cause themselves to flip over at the base of the rapids. They would then utilize their skills and technique previously acquired to upright themselves, and if there was in fact difficulty, I sat by, ready to rescue any stranded paddler. Finally, the exit point offered a unique affectation of success to all participants, as they landed and exited from the soft current, renewed and rejuvenated in their decisive attempt to improve their mastery of a world sport. The integration of cultural pride into their own personal appropriation of skill and success substantially imbibes their demeanor with a noticeable happiness and achievement. This ability to watch all participants exit the water with jocular praise and ebullience was not only enjoyable but invigorating for me, as I knew that my attention to safety and the detail elements of this adventure were securely rooted in my learned skills and teaching abilities. Takeaways The significance of the appreciated takeaways during this adventure outing will be integrated into my future teaching and leisure travel techniques. It will become essential that I remember particulars of this event in order to further my own comprehension of the inspirational power of personal achievement. Additionally, I will continue to focus on the training techniques which I utilized during this outing and will modify to affect growth in future interactions. It is essential to the success of future endeavors that the location of integration for any type of adventure group be established, evaluated for potential challenges, and cleared by the government legislation of that particular area. Additionally, while not addressed during my study, the group appreciation for this area will be determined by their ability to interact successfully with their environment, therefore, I will consider the challenge of engagement as a personal goal in all future endeavors. The integration of participants into the particulars of the environment becomes a unique opportunity to actualize individual affectation within the activities. Similarly, it will become a personal objective to hone the skills unique to the event or venue optioned for integration into leisure travel management. This means that regardless of the outdoor activity, my own integration into the abilities required will continue to positively affect the morale and abilities of my students. People who decide to involve themselves in group outdoor activities are most likely not experts in that particular field, and therefore, they look for support from their leader to determine the path to success. Conclusion The utilization of outdoor entertainment for physical and mental challenge has become a highly integral industry in the field of hospitality and leisure. It is therefore of specific import that the technician of such events be able to strategically evaluate the potential for success through the location, abilities of the participants, and the environmental affecters. It is key to the confrontation of individual challenges that the instructor find the ability to effectively communicate objectives and strategies to his participants, in addition to encouraging individual growth and participation. Only through the full integration of the mindset and acceptance of activity, will the students find their experience not only rewarding but a stepping block for future challenges. And through the dissolution of mental blocks to the challenge framework, it is possible for the instructor to inspire great internal growth and a spectacular inclusion of a set of new and varied skills and abilities.